Use these gauges not the master discharge gauge when flowing any line.ġ6 Oil Pressure Gauge Measures oil pressure of the motor. Measures positive pressure Calibrated from 0 to 600 PSI Up to 1000 PSI on special pumpers Measures pressure as it leaves the pump and before it gets to the individual gauges Always reads the highest pressure the pump is producing May differ from individual gauge in relation to PSI, individual more reliable for specific lineġ5 Discharge Gauge Individual gauges measure the pressure for each individual discharge. Can be up to seven (7) times the original pressure.ĩ ġ0 GAUGES Master Intake gauge (Compound) Master Discharge gaugeĭischarge gauge (individual gauges) Oil Pressure Voltmeter Tachometer (engine RPM) Pump overheat indicator Engine coolant temperature gauge The master intake and discharge gauges are the two primary gauges used to determine the water pressure entering and leaving the pump.ġ1 Master Intake Gauge Measures positive or negative pressureĬalibrated from 0 to 600 PSI (usually) for positive and from 0 to 30 inches of vacuum for negative pressure Provides indication of residual pressure from a hydrant or relay operation Provides indication of maximum capacity of pump when at draft Commonly referred to as compound or vacuum gauge Usually calibrated from PSI positive pressure and 0-30 inches of vacuum on the negative side Obtain residual pressure with this gauge It generally results from closing a valve or nozzle too quickly. This could be the pump, hose, nozzle, pump piping, supply line, or water main.Ĩ WATER HAMMER Force created by the rapid acceleration or deceleration of water. This surge is called Water Hammer 200 PSI x 7 = 1400 PSI or 1400 pounds of pressures returning, finding the weakest spot in the system and breaking it. ![]() ![]() Suddenly stopping water moving through a hose or pipe results in an energy surge being transmitted in the opposite direction, often at many times the original pressure. The weight of water increases as the pipe or hose size increases. Water moving through a pipe or hose has both weight and velocity. It is measured in feet per second for the fire service. Reflected on the discharge gauge Called Pump Discharge Pressure or Engine PressureĮNGINE PRESSURE Actual velocity pressure (measured in PSI) of the water as it leaves the pump and enters the hoseline.Ħ VELOCITY Speed the rate of motion in a given direction. Measured in pounds Nozzle reaction formulas NR= 1.57 When drafting it is the total of the intake pressure and the discharge pressure.ģ NOZZLE REACTION Counterforce directed against a person holding a nozzle or a device holding a nozzle by the velocity of water being discharged. When taking water from a hydrant, it is the difference between the intake pressure and the discharge pressure. 2 NET ENGINE PRESSURE Net Pump Discharge Pressure (new term)Īctual amount of pressure being produced by the pump.
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